TopTechnical DictionaryTypes of antenna for 2.4GHz and 5GHz data transmission

Types of antenna for 2.4GHz and 5GHz data transmission

Classification by device location:
internal – built-in antenna used in tablets, laptops, miniature access points,
external – antenna attached directly to the device or installed at a certain distance and connected with a coaxial cable.

 

Classification by radiation characteristics:
omnidirectional – radio waves are propagated with the same intensity in all directions on a 360° plane,

 

Fig. 1. External omnidirectional antenna with vertical polarization

 

Fig. 2. Internal omnidirectional antenna with vertical polarization

 


directional – radio waves are propagated in a single direction (from several to 180°).

 

Fig. 3. Horn directional antenna

 

Fig. 4. Micro-band panel directional antenna

 

Classification by polarization:
vertical – the force lines of the electric field are horizontal, i.e. parallel to the ground,
horizontal – the force lines of the electric field are vertical, i.e. perpendicular to the ground.
Two antennas working together must have the same polarization.

 

Classification by design:
– Yagi antenna,
– micro-band panel antenna,
– quad antenna,
– collinear antenna,
– gap antenna,
– horn antenna.

 

The following factors should be considered when selecting the antenna:
– Type of antenna (omnidirectional or directional),
– polarization (horizontal, vertical),
– antenna gain in dBi,
– connector type (N, SMA, TNC).